Energy is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on energy engineering that was established in 1976. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Henrik Lund (Aalborg University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 4.159, ranking it 13th out of 83 journals in the category "Energy & Fuels" and second out of 55 journals in "Thermodynamics".
In signal processing, the energy of a continuous-time signal x(t) is defined as
the energy of a discrete-time signal x(t) is defined as
Energy in this context is not, strictly speaking, the same as the conventional notion of energy in physics and the other sciences. The two concepts are, however, closely related, and it is possible to convert from one to the other:
For example, if x(t) represents the potential (in volts) of an electrical signal propagating across a transmission line, then Z would represent the characteristic impedance (in ohms) of the transmission line. The units of measure for the signal energy would appear as volt2·seconds, which is not dimensionally correct for energy in the sense of the physical sciences. After dividing by Z, however, the dimensions of E would become volt2·seconds per ohm, which is equivalent to joules, the SI unit for energy as defined in the physical sciences.
On September 18, 2001, Collective Soul released their greatest hits compilation Seven Year Itch: Greatest Hits, 1994-2001 (stylized as 7even Year Itch). The compilation includes songs recorded from 1994 to 2001 and included two new tracks; "Next Homecoming" and "Energy". Seven Year Itch received decent reviews and was relatively successful It sold 225,000 copies in the first year after its release and reached number fifty on the Billboard 200; in Canada, it reached number nine on its albums chart and went platinum. All the songs in Seven Year Itch had charted in the US on the Billboard Hot 100, Mainstream Rock Tracks, or the Modern Rock Tracks chart, except for "Energy", which debuted in this compilation.
The compilation has sold over 500,000 copies. It saw a resurgence in sales after Collective Soul began putting out albums on their own independent label, El Music Group, beginning in 2004.
Seven Year Itch was the last album Collective Soul released through Atlantic Records and their last album to feature guitarist Ross Childress, who had been with the band since its 1993/1994 debut.
Claude M'Barali better known by his stage name MC Solaar (French pronunciation: [ɛm si sɔˈlaʁ] (born March 5, 1969) is a French hip hop and rap artist with Senegalese and Chadian origins. He is one of France's most internationally popular and influential hip hop artists.
MC Solaar is known for his complex lyrics, which rely on word play, lyricism, and inquiry. In the English-speaking world, Solaar was signed by London acid jazz label Talkin' Loud and recorded with British group Urban Species and the late Guru, member of the acclaimed New York duo Gang Starr. He has since released seven studio records and one live album.
Claude M'Barali was born in Dakar, Senegal to parents from Chad. When he was six months old, his parents emigrated to France where they settled in the Parisian suburbs; initially in Saint-Denis, subsequently Maisons-Alfort and finally Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. At twelve he went to live with an uncle in Cairo, Egypt for nine months where he discovered the Zulu Nation and became fascinated with the rapping styles of Afrika Bambaataa. Upon his return he passed the baccalauréat. It has been said that his constant support from his mother was one of the reasons that he was able to pass the baccalauréat and still create music. He coined the stage name MC Solaar in his teens from his graffiti tags "SOAR" and "SOLAAR".